A survey of public perception, knowledge and factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptability in five communities in Ghana

Objective: The present study assessed the public's perception and Knowledge about COVID-19 and factors that could affect vaccine acceptability in Ghana. Design: We carried out a cross-sectional population-based study. A structured questionnaire was used to capture data on socio-demographic information, knowledge, and the public's perception of COVID-19 infection, as well as COVID-19 vaccine acceptability from consented participants. Factors affecting vaccine acceptability in Ghana were explored. Robust ordinary least square linear regression analysis was adopted to assess factors associated with vaccine acceptability. Setting: Five communities (Labone, Lartebiorkoshie, Old Fadama, Chorkor, and Ashiyie) in Accra in the Greater Accra district were selected. Participants: WHO modified cluster-sampling method was applied to select households of 997 participants in the five communities. Results: Most respondents were males (57.6%), and the median age of participants was 30 years. The study participants demonstrated a good knowledge of COVID-19 and had high perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed that the highest educational level, marital status, self-rated Knowledge of COVID-19, Knowledge of COVID-19 definition, Knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, and perception of the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly associated with vaccine acceptability. Self-reported impact of COVID-19 lockdown/movement restrictions on agriculture and job as a source of livelihood was associated with vaccine acceptability. Conclusion: Higher subjective and objective knowledge of COVID-19 increases vaccine acceptability scores significantly thus, education on COVID-19 and the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection must be intensified to improve vaccine acceptability in Ghana, especially among those with lower educational backgrounds

Stroke-related knowledge and attitudes among university students in Northeast Nigeria

te public knowledge of stroke, but the impact in Nigeria is notwell known. This study assessed stroke-related knowledge andattitudes among university students in Nigeria, where health stud-ies are parts of college curricula. This was a cross-sectional studyof students at three universities in Northeast Nigeria. Using ques-tionnaire survey, we assessed biographical data and participantknowledge of the primary site, warning signs and risk factors ofstroke. Responses were graded on a knowledge score, where ≥2.5points indicated adequate knowledge. Data were analyzed with theSPSS version 21 program. We studied 824 participants, 67.1%males. Males were older than females (mean age ± SD: 27.42±5.58years versus 26.27±5.31 years; P = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.29 ­ 1.99)and 14.5% participants had stroke lectures during general studies.Major sources of stroke knowledge were personal discussions(44.6%) and internet websites (24.5%). Only 15.7% participantscorrectly identified the brain as the primary site of stroke, whileknowledge of one or more stroke warning signs and risk factorswere noted in 42.2% and 49.6%, respectively. Mean knowledgescore was 1.08 ± 0.99. Adequate knowledge of stroke was noted in13.2% participants, and was higher in females (17.7% versus10.7%; P = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed significantassociations between adequate knowledge of stroke with femalesex (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2 ­ 2.8; P = 0.008) and a history of strokein close relatives (OR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1 ­ 2.6; P = 0.025) but notwith age, academic discipline or stroke lectures. University stu-dents in Northeast Nigeria have low knowledge of stroke, which isworse in males. Although health issues are taught at universities,little is taught on stroke, suggesting a need to prioritize strokeknowledge in the universities little is taught on stroke, suggeting a need to prioritize stroke knowlegde in the university curriculum .

COVID-19: Socio-demographic determinants of knowledge

Background:Knowledge on etiology, risk factors, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms of COVID-19 is an essential element in pandemic control. Assessing the level of knowledge and determining sources from which information were derived is a fundamental element of situation analysis imperative in COVID-19 control.Materials and method: The study is a cross sectional study. All eligible visitors who presented at the general out-patient department for Medicare were enlisted into the study until required sample size was achieved. Pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents. Statistical analysis was done with multinomial logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 23.1 with statistical significance set at 0.05. Ethical approval and permission for the study from relevant authorities were granted.Conclusion:Knowledge of COVID 19 was poor. Higher educational qualification enhances better knowledge. Females, public servants, married persons, respondents who attended tertiary institution and those aged 31-40 years had better knowledge score.Results:Over all composite score for good knowledge was 1037(35.4%) with predominant statistically significant difference in knowledge. There was better knowledge score for females, public servants, married persons, respondents aged 31-40 years and those who had tertiary education

Family-integrated diabetes education for individuals with diabetes in South-west Nigeria

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effects of family-integrated diabetes education on diabetes knowthe ledge of patients and family members, as well as its impact on patients' glycosylated haemoglobin (A1C). Design: The design was a two-group Pretest Posttest quasi-experimental. Setting: The study took place at the diabetes clinics of two tertiary hospitals in southwestern Nigeria. Participants: People Living with Diabetes (PLWD) and family members aged 18 years and over and without cognitive impairment were placed, as clusters, into either a control group (CG) or an intervention group (IG) The CG comprised 88 patients and 88 family members while IG comprised 82 patients and 82 family members. Of these, 78 and 74 patients completed the study in CG and IG, respectively. Interventions: PLWD in IG along with their family members were given an educational intervention on diabetes management and collaborative support with an information booklet provided. This was followed by three (3) complimentary Short Messaging Service (SMS). Main outcome measures: A1C and diabetes knowledge. Results: Over half (52.4%) and about a fifth (18.2%) of family members and patients, respectively, had never had diabetes education. There was a statistically significant increase in the knowledge of patients and family members in IG. Unlike CG, the A1C of patients in IG improved significantly at three and six-month post-intervention, (p<0.01). Regression showed an independent effect of family members' knowledge on IG's A1C. Conclusions: Improved family members' diabetes knowledge positively impacted patients' glucose level. There is a need to integrate family members into diabetes care better

Análise do nível de conhecimento das manifestações orais causadas pelo uso de anticonvulsivantes / Analysis of knowledge level of oral manifestations caused by the use of anticonvulsants

Analisar o nível de conhecimento dos usuários de anticonvulsivantes e dos cirurgiões-dentistas a res peito das manifestações orais ocasionadas pela medicação. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado no munícipio de Vitória de Santo Antão, em Pernambuco, no qual participaram 30 Odontólogos e 16 usuários de anticonvulsivantes das unidades de saúde da família do município. Foram aplicados questionários sobre o conhecimento dos profissionais e percepção dos usuários sobre as manifestações orais ocasionadas pela medicação. Para avaliar associação entre duas variáveis categóricas foi utilizado teste Exato de Fisher, quando a condição para utilização do teste Qui-quadrado não foi verificada. A análise dos dados demonstrou que 86,7% dos cirurgiões-dentistas conhecem os anticonvulsivantes e 50,0% dos usuários não receberam orientação do dentista sobre a medicação e os seus efeitos adversos. Há escassez de conhecimentos específicos sobre os efeitos adversos do uso de anticonvulsivantes na cavidade bucal por parte dos usuários e cirurgiões-dentistas... (AU)

To analyze the knowledge level of anticonvulsants users and the dental surgeons concerning the oral manifestations caused by the medication. A cross-sectional study conducted in Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil, with participation of 30 dentists and 16 anticonvulsants users from the city's family health units. Questionnaires about the knowledge of professionals and users' perception of manifestations in the oral cavity caused by the medication. Fisher's Exact test was used to assess the association between two categorical variables when the condition for using the chi-square test was not verified. The data analysis showed that 86,7% of dental surgeons know the anticonvulsants and 50,0% of users do not receive orientation from the dentist about the medication and its adverse effects. There is a shortage of specific knowledge about the adverse effects of the use of anticonvulsants in the oral cavity, by users and dental surgeons... (AU)

Adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa e fatores associados em Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 / Medical compliance and associated factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

RESUMO: Introdução: o Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é condição crônica que frequentemente cursa com baixa adesão ao tratamento. Objetivo: o presente estudo avaliou a prevalência de adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa e fatores associados em pessoas com DM2 assistidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método: trata-se de estudo observacional transversal realizado na ESF da zona urbana de um município de médio porte de Minas Gerais, com amostra randômica de 190 participantes. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos validados: Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento (MAT), que avalia o uso diário de medicamentos prescritos, e teste de Batalla, que avalia adesão através do conhecimento em DM2. O perfil socioeconômico e clínico foi coletado por questionário elaborado pelos autores. Principais resultados: a adesão avaliada pelo MAT (84,2%) se contrapôs àquela estimada pelo teste de Batalla (44,2%). Maiores valores apresentados pelo MAT obtiveram associação significativa com polifarmácia (OR=2,7; IC 95%=1,2-6,1). Melhor adesão pelo teste de Batalla obteve associação com idade abaixo de 60 anos (OR=3,7; IC 95%=1,9-7,1), presença de companheiro (OR=2,2; IC 95%=1,1-4,1), associação de antidiabético oral à insulina (OR=2,2; IC 95%=1,2-4,0) e cumprimento da meta de atividade física (OR=2,6; IC 95%=1,2-5,6). Conclusão: os índices de adesão ao uso diário de medicamentos e conhecimento em DM2 verificados pelo estudo são concordantes com a literatura. Piores resultados presentes na população idosa e sem companheiro evidenciam grupo vulnerável que deve receber especial atenção das equipes de saúde. (AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a chronic condition that often goes hand in hand with poor treatment compliance. Objective: this study assessed the prevalence of drug treatment compliance and associated factors in people with DM2 assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Methods: this is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the urban FHS of a medium-sized municipality in Minas Gerais, with a random sample of 190 participants. Two validated instruments were used: the Treatment Adherence Measure (TAM), which assesses the daily use of prescribed medications, and the Batalla test, which assesses adherence through knowledge of DM2. The socioeconomic and clinical profile was collected by a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Main results:adherence assessed by TAM (84.2%) contrasted with that estimated by the Batalla test (44.2%). Higher TAM values were significantly associated with polypharmacy (OR=2.7; 95% CI=1.2-6.1). Better adherence by Batalla test was associated with age below 60 years (OR=3.7; 95% CI=1.9-7.1), presence of partner (OR=2.2; 95% CI=1.1-4.1), association of oral antidiabetic to insulin (OR=2.2; 95% CI=1.2-4.0) and compliance with the goal of physical activity (OR=2.6; 95% CI=1.2-5.6). Conclusion: the rates of adherence to the daily use of medicines and knowledge about DM2 verified by the study agree with the literature. Worse results in the elderly and those without a partner show a vulnerable group that should receive special attention from health teams. (AU)

Grado de satisfacción y conocimiento de pacientes positivos para HIV ante el cambio de tenofovir a tenofovir-alafenamida en tratamientos con emtricitabina y rilpivirina / Satisfaction and knowledge among patients with HIV after switching from tenofovir to tenofovir alafenamide in regimens containing emtricitabine and rilpivirine

Introducción. La satisfacción y el conocimiento del cambio de tenofovir por tenofovir- alafenamida en pacientes con HIV no se han estudiado aún. Estos dos parámetros se relacionan con mejores resultados en salud y, por lo tanto, es importante medirlos durante la práctica clínica habitual. Objetivo. Evaluar el grado de conocimiento y satisfacción de los pacientes positivos para HIV ante el cambio de tratamiento antirretroviral con rilpivirina, emtricitabina y tenofovir (RPV-FTC-TDF) por rilpivirina, emtricitabina y tenofovir-alafenamida (RPV-FTC-TAF). Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo en un hospital de tercer nivel entre los meses de septiembre y noviembre de 2018. Se incluyeron pacientes previamente tratados con RPV-FTC-TDF que acudían por segunda vez a consulta para recibir el tratamiento con RPV-FTC-TAF. La satisfacción y el grado de conocimiento se analizaron mediante nueve preguntas, usando una escala de tipo Likert de 5 puntos para evaluar el grado de acuerdo. Resultados. Se incluyeron 116 pacientes en el estudio. El 75 % de ellos se mostró satisfecho con el cambio y se consideró que el 64 % conocía lo que implicaba. Los pacientes jóvenes se mostraron menos satisfechos con el modo en que se les explicó el cambio (p=0,0487). Los pacientes estaban mejor informados sobre las ventajas renales (85 % de conocimiento) y óseas (82 %) de la nueva medicación, que sobre sus inconvenientes para el perfil lipídico (40 %). Conclusiones. En general, los pacientes se mostraron satisfechos con el cambio de medicación y conocían la posología del medicamento y las ventajas de la tenofovir- alafenamida frente al tenofovir, pero no sus posibles efectos adversos.

Introduction: Satisfaction and knowledge among patients with HIV after switching from tenofovir to tenofovir/alafenamide remain unexplored. Given that both parameters are associated with better health outcomes it is relevant to measure them in patients during routine clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the degree of knowledge and satisfaction in patients who had their antiretroviral regimen switched from rilpivirine (RPV)/emtricitabine (FTC)/TDF to RPV/FTC/TAF. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective study in a third-level hospital between September, 2018, and November, 2018. We included patients who had previously been treated with RPV/FTC/TDF and collected their RPV/FTC/TAF treatment in the second visit. A 5-point Likert-type agreement/disagreement scale was used to assess satisfaction and knowledge regarding the medication switch. Results: We included 116 patients in the study of whom 75% were satisfied and 64% had a high-level of knowledge. Young patients were less satisfied with the way in which the change was explained (p=0.0487). Concerning the new medication, the patients were better informed about its renal (85% of them) and bone benefits (82%) than about its adverse effects on the lipid profile (40%). Conclusions: The patients were generally satisfied with the change in medication and well informed about the dosage and advantages of TAF over TDF, but less well informed about the possible adverse effects of TAF.

Fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde / Factors related to adhesion to pharmacological treatment by seniors in Primary Health Care

Objective: To identify factors related to adherence to pharmacological treatment by the elderly people in Primary Health Care.Method: It is a descriptive study developed with a team of the Family Health Strategy, in a municipality in northwestern Paraná. Data were collected in June and July 2018, through a questionnaire applied at home visit. Subsequently, the data were recorded, organized in spreadsheets and submitted to descriptive statistics.Results: Among the 118 elderly participants, 61.1% were female, 78.8% were between 60 and 69 years old, 59.3% had up to eight years of schooling, 12.2% had some physical disability, 9, 7% needed help to use medication, 60.1% were taking medication as prescribed, 12.1% had already used medication changed, 39.8% used 1 to 3 medications prescribed by the doctor, 50% reported Self-medication, 84.7% reported knowledge of the indication of all medications, 5.1% indicated that the greatest difficulty in adhering to treatment is that the medication is not provided free of charge. Conclusion: Given the factors highlighted by the participants as influential in adherence to drug treatment, it is necessary that professionals and managers jointly establish strategies to facilitate access to the necessary drugs for seniors.

Objetivo: identificar os fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Estudo descritivo desenvolvido junto a uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, em um município do noroeste do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho e julho de 2018, por meio de questionário aplicado no momento da visita domiciliar. Posteriormente, os dados foram registrados, organizados em planilhas e submetidos à estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dentre os 118 idosos participantes, 61,1% eram do sexo feminino, 78,8% tinham entre 60 e 69 anos, 59,3% possuíam até oito anos de estudo, 12,2% apresentavam alguma deficiência física, 9,7% necessitavam de auxílio para utilizar medicamentos, 60,1% faziam uso da medicação conforme prescrição médica, 12,1% já fez uso de medicamento trocado, 39,8%, utilizavam de 1 a 3 medicamentos prescritos pelo médico, 50% relataram automedicação, 84,7% relataram conhecimento da indicação de todos os medicamentos, 5,1% indicaram que a maior dificuldade para aderir ao tratamento é o medicamento não ser fornecido gratuitamente. Conclusão: Diante dos fatores destacados pelos participantes como influentes na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, torna-se necessário que profissionais e gestores estabeleçam conjuntamente estratégias para facilitar o acesso aos medicamentos necessários para os idosos.

Conhecimento da pessoa com transtornos mentais sobre o tratamento medicamentoso / Conocimiento de la persona con trastornos mentales sobre el tratamiento medicamentoso / Knowledge related to drug therapy among people with mental disorders

Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento da pessoa com transtorno mental sobre o tratamento medicamentoso. Método: pesquisa observacional transversal desenvolvida com 300 pessoas em tratamento em dois Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de Curitiba, Paraná. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada e consulta à prescrição de medicamentos em prontuário. Foi realizada análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes apresentou conhecimento insuficiente quanto ao nome dos medicamentos (64%), dose (91,9%) e frequência de administração (82,6%). Houve associação entre conhecimento insuficiente sobre a terapêutica medicamentosa e uso de medicamentos para comorbidades, desconhecimento do diagnóstico, depressão, idade avançada, autoadministração dos medicamentos, consumo de álcool e informações fornecidas pela enfermagem ou psicólogos. Conclusões: destaca-se que, principalmente, a autoadministração de medicamentos, transtornos depressivos e uso de medicamentos para outras condições de saúde podem estar relacionadas ao nível de conhecimento insuficiente da terapêutica medicamentosa, representando possíveis obstáculos a adesão e uso seguro dos medicamentos.

Objective: to identify knowledge about drug therapy among those people with mental illness. Method: cross-sectional observational research carried out with 300 people undergoing treatment at Psychosocial Care Centers in Curitiba, Paraná. Data were collected through structured interviews and by consulting prescriptions for medications in medical records. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. Results: the majority of participants had insufficient knowledge regarding the name of the drugs (64%), dose (91.9%) and frequency of administration (82.6%). There was an association between insufficient knowledge regarding drug therapy and the use of drugs for comorbidities, ignorance about the diagnosis, depression, advanced age, self-administration of drugs, alcohol consumption and misunderstanding information provided by nurses or psychologists. Conclusions: it is underscored that self-administration of medications, depressive disorders and use of medications for other health conditions may be related to the level of insufficient knowledge regarding their drug therapy; thus representing obstacles to adherence of medications.

Objetivo: identificar el conocimiento de la persona con trastorno mental sobre el tratamiento medicamentoso. Método: investigación observacional transversal desarrollada con 300 personas en tratamiento en Centros de Atención Psicosocial de Curitiba, Paraná. Los datos han sido recolectados por entrevista estructurada y consulta a la prescripción de medicamentos. Ha sido realizado análisis descriptivo e inferencia. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes ha presentado conocimiento insuficiente cuanto al nombre de los medicamentos (64%), dosis (91,9%) y frecuencia de administración (82,6%). Ha habido asociación entre conocimiento insuficiente sobre la terapéutica y uso de medicamentos para comorbilidad, desconocimiento del diagnóstico, depresión, edad avanzada, auto-administración de medicamentos, consumo de alcohol e información provista por la enfermería o psicólogos. Conclusiones: Se destaca que la auto-administración de medicamentos, trastornos depresivos y uso de medicamentos para otras condiciones de salud pueden estar relacionadas al nivel de conocimiento insuficiente de la terapéutica medicamentosa, representando obstáculos de adhesión.

Articulações GAM em Santos e a partir de Santos / GAM's articulations in and from the city of Santos / Articulaciones sobre la GAM en Santos y desde Santos

Neste artigo compartilhamos reverberações de uma experiência formativa na cidade de Santos, em São Paulo, e da articulação de um Observatório Internacional de Práticas de Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM), com vistas à produção de estratégias emancipatórias e libertárias em saúde mental. Nos últimos anos, novas ações de cuidado baseadas no paradigma da Atenção Psicossocial vêm sendo propostas sem, entretanto, serem acompanhadas de forma a evidenciar suas potencialidades e limitações no cotidiano dos serviços. A partir de metodologia participativa e colaborativa, percebemos que a formação para a GAM traz materialidade aos princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, possibilitando aos trabalhadores um exercício radical de problematização de aspectos sutis e pouco incorporados em suas práticas, convocando a um percurso a ser feito junto dos usuários. Especificamente, junto a pessoas com problemas com drogas, ressaltamos a inseparabilidade do debate sobre as drogas prescritas e não prescritas, presente nas experimentações e buscas pelo prazer, pelo alívio da dor, pela construção de lugar nas relações de consumo, e pela reinvenção de possíveis. Acreditamos que o Observatório GAM viabilizará a difusão da incidência da GAM sobre as diferentes das práticas manicomiais do contemporâneo, necessariamente, medicalizantes.

In this article, we share reverberations of a formative experience in the city of Santos, in São Paulo, and in the articulation of an International Observatory of Medication Management Practices (GAM), with a view to the production of emancipatory and libertarian statistics in mental health . In recent years, the new care actions adopted in the Psychosocial Care paradigm have been applied without, however, being monitored in order to highlight their potential and the unused permissions in daily services. Based on a participatory and collaborative methodology, it is perceived that the training for GAM brings materiality to the principles of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, allowing workers a radical exercise of problematizing subtle aspects and little incorporated in their practices, summoning a student to be done together of users. Specifically, with people with drug problems, we highlight the inseparability of the debate about prescription and non-prescription drugs, present in experiences and in the search for pleasure, for the wear of pain, for the construction of a place in consumption relationships and for the reinvention of possible ones. We believe that the GAM Observatory enables the dissemination of GAM on the different imposed, medicalizing manicomic practices of the contemporary.

En este artículo, compartimos las reverberaciones de una experiencia formativa en la ciudad de Santos, en São Paulo, y en la articulación de un Observatorio Internacional de Prácticas de Gestión de Medicamentos (GAM), con miras a la producción de estadísticas emancipadoras y libertarias en salud mental. . En los últimos años, las nuevas acciones de atención adoptadas en el paradigma de la Atención Psicosocial se han aplicado sin, sin embargo, ser monitoreadas para resaltar su potencial y los permisos no utilizados en los servicios diarios. Basado en una metodología participativa y colaborativa, se percibe que la capacitación para GAM aporta materialidad a los principios de la Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileña, permitiendo a los trabajadores un ejercicio radical de problematizar aspectos sutiles y poco incorporados en sus prácticas, convocando a un estudiante para que se hagan juntos de usuarios. Específicamente, con personas con problemas de drogas, destacamos la inseparabilidad del debate sobre los medicamentos recetados y no recetados, presente en las experiencias y en la búsqueda del placer, el desgaste del dolor, la construcción de un lugar en las relaciones de consumo y la reinvención de los posibles. Creemos que el Observatorio GAM permite la difusión de GAM en las diferentes prácticas manicómicas medicalizadas impuestas y contemporáneas.

Validação do questionário "Conocimiento del Paciente sobre sus Medicamentos" (CPM-ES-ES) / Validation of the "Conocimiento del Paciente sobre sus Medicamentos" (CPM-ES-ES) questionnaire

Resumo Este trabalho adaptou transculturalmente o questionário espanhol "Conocimiento del Paciente sobre sus Medicamentos" (CPM-ES-ES) para uso no Brasil. Ele mede o grau de conhecimento sobre medicamentos por meio de 11 perguntas. Oitenta pacientes ≥ 80 anos foram investigados e com 39 também foi entrevistado o cuidador. A avaliação das equivalências conceitual e de item considerou o conceito de conhecimento e as perguntas que o medem como pertinentes. A equivalência semântica foi obtida pela correspondência de significado denotativo e conotativo dos itens. O estudo da equivalência de mensuração incluiu análise fatorial e o cálculo de estimativas de validade e confiabilidade. Semelhante ao questionário original, a análise de componentes principais identificou 4 componentes, porém, em 2 deles houve diferenças nos itens incluídos. Uma pergunta foi removida desta análise devido à sua inadequação amostral. O conhecimento sobre medicamentos esteve correlacionado à complexidade da prescrição r = -0,22, p = 0,046. O conhecimento sobre anti-hipertensivos esteve correlacionado à sua adesão r = 0,70, p < 0,001, e ao controle da pressão arterial rb = 0,46, p = 0,029. A versão adaptada apresentou equivalência funcional de modo que pode ser usada no contexto brasileiro.

Abstract This work cross-culturally adapted the Spanish questionnaire `Patients' knowledge about their medications ("Conocimiento del Paciente sobre sus Medicamentos" - CPM-ES-ES) for use in Brazil. It measures the level of medication knowledge by means of 11 questions. Eighty patients ≥ 80 years were investigated and in 39 cases the caregivers were interviewed. The evaluation of conceptual and item equivalences considered the concept of knowledge and the questions that assess it as pertinent. Semantic equivalence was obtained by the correspondence in the denotative and connotative meaning of items. The study of measurement equivalence included factorial analysis and the calculation of validity and reliability estimates. As with the original questionnaire, principal component analysis identified 4 components, however, in 2 of them there were differences regarding included items. One question was removed from this analysis due to its sample inadequacy. Medication knowledge was correlated with medication regimen complexity r = -.22, p = .046. Medication knowledge of antihypertensives was correlated with their adherence r = .70, p < .001, and blood pressure control rb = .46, p = .029. The adapted version revealed functional equivalence, therefore it can be used in the Brazilian context.

Knowledge and use of biostatistics among resident and junior doctors at the university of port harcourt teaching hospital, Port Harcourt

Background: The place of research in the generation of facts and evidence on which contemporary medicine can be based cannot be overemphasized. Medical and surgical research is now more crucial than ever before for advancement of clinical practice and career progression for medical professionals. This requires good understanding and application of biostatistics among clinicians. Aim: To assess the knowledge and use of biostatistics among resident doctors at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. Subjects and Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study carried out in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Completed questionnaires were retrieved immediately after completion. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet, cleaned, and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: There were a total of 109 respondents. Sixty-nine (63.3%) respondents were included in the study. Fifty-five (79.7%) respondents indicated that they understood the basic concepts of biostatistics, and only 16 (23.2%) respondents can apply their knowledge practically in research. Conclusion: The level of appreciation and use of biostatistics among resident doctors in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital is inadequate. This may be a reflection of the situation with resident doctors in other institutions in the country. There is a need for a curriculum review both at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels to prepare medical professionals for the task of high-quality research and advancement of knowledge

Adesão farmacológica e conhecimento de pacientes anticoagulados / Pharmacological adherence and knowledge of anticoagulated patients

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a adesao farmacológica e o conhecimento de pacientes sob terapia de anticoagulacao oral acompanhados ambulatorialmente. Método: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: 222 pacientes foram avaliados; destes, 60,8 % foram clasificados como nao aderentes, e 63,1 % possuiam conhecimento nao adequado em relacao ao anticoagulante oral. A nao adesao foi relacionada ao maior tempo de tratamento (p < 0,001) e aos pacientes com valores da Razao Normatizada Internacional (rni) fora da faixa terapeutica (p = 0,022). O conhecimento nao adequado foi asociado a baixa escolaridade (p < 0,001), ao sedentarismo (p = 0,027), ao menor tempo de acompanhamento ambulatorial (p < 0,001) e aos pacientes com valores da rni fora da faixa terapeutica (p = 0,012). Conclusões: Diante dos resultados, evidencia-se a necessidade de estrategias de educacao em saude que atendam a esse publico e que considerem a compreensao individual e a adesao farmacológica como algo crucial na terapia.

Resumen Objetivo: Investigar la adherencia farmacologica y el conocimiento de pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales con acompañamiento en ambulatorio. Método: Estudio transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Resultados: Se evaluaron 222 pacientes; de ellos el 60,8 % se clasificaron como no adherentes, y el 63,1 % poseian conocimiento inadecuado sobre la anticoagulacion oral. La no adhesion estaba relacionada con un tratamiento mas prolongado (p < 0,001) y con los pacientes con valores da International Normalized Ratio (inr) fuera del rango terapeutico (p = 0,022). El conocimiento no adecuado se asocio al menor nivel educativo (p < 0,001), al sedentarismo (p = 0,027), al menor tiempo de acompanamiento en ambulatorio (p < 0,001) y a los pacientes con valores de inr fuera del rango terapéutico (p = 0,012 ). Conclusión: Con base en los resultados se evidencia la necesidad de estrategias de educacion en salud que atiendan a ese publico, teniendo en cuenta la comprension individual y la adhesion farmacologica como algo crucial en la terapia.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the pharmacological adherence and the knowledge of patients undergoing oral anticoagulation therapy with outpatients follow-up. Method: Cross-sectional study with quantitative approach. Results: 222 patients were evaluated, of which 60.8 % were classified as non-adherents and 63.1 % had inadequate knowledge regarding oral anticoagulant. Non-adherence was related to longer treatment time (p <0.001) and to patients with inr values outside the therapeutic range (p = 0.022). Inadequate knowledge was associated with low educational level (p < 0.001), sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.027), shorter outpatient follow-up (p < 0.001), and patients with inr values outside the therapeutic range (p = 0.012). Conclusion: In view of the results, it is evident the need for health education strategies that address this public, considering individual understanding and pharmacological adherence as crucial in therapy.

Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des soins après avortement au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou-Alibori

Introduction : L'avortement constitue un problème de santé publique par sa fréquence et la gravité de ses complications. Cette situation a conduit le Bénin à introduire les soins après avortements dans les Soins Obstétricaux et Néonataux d'Urgence. Objectif : Evaluer la connaissance l'attitude et la pratique des soins après avortement auprès des sage femmes et gynécologues de la maternité Cadre et méthode : Etude transversale et descriptive à la Maternité du CHUD-B/A de Février à mai 2016. Seize (16) prestataires dont dix (10) sages-femmes et six (6) gynécologues ont été évalués sur 68 patientes présentant un avortement. Résultats : la fréquence des avortements est de 7,9%. Les avortements spontanés restent les plus fréquents (61,7%). Les prestataires ayant le niveau de compétences théoriques requis sur les SAA représentent 61,7%. L'asepsie est respectée dans 83,8% des cas. L'AMIU reste la méthode d'évacuation utérine la plus utilisée (83,8%) suivie par le Misoprostol (16,2%). L'antibiothérapie et la prévention de l'allo-immunisation sont respectivement pratiquées dans 94,1% et 100%. Le counseling et la planification familiale ont été réalisés dans tous les cas d'avortement. Les services de santé de reproduction dont les patientes ont bénéficié sont : le service de gynécologie (68,1%) ; le dépistage du cancer du col (10,3%) ; le dépistage des IST (50%). L'implication de la communauté s'est faite dans tous les cas de prise en charge d'avortements. Nous n'avons enregistré aucune complication majeure ni aucun décès maternel. Conclusion : la majorité des prestataires ont les connaissances requises par rapport aux SAA. La pratique des SAA à la maternité du CHUD-B/A répond presque entièrement aux normes requises. Cependant certains points importants restent encore à corriger

Avaliação da efetividade da intervenção com material educativo em pacientes cirúrgicos: revisão integrativa da literatura / Evaluation of the effectiveness of intervention with educational material in surgical patients: an integrative literature review / La evaluación de la efectividad de la intervención con material educacional en pacientes quirúrgicos: una revisión integradora de la literatura

Objetivo: Analisar a literatura científica produzida sobre métodos utilizados na avaliação da efetividade de tecnologias educativas impressas para o paciente submetido a cirurgia. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, tendo como questão norteadora "quais os métodos utilizados para avaliar a efetividade de tecnologias educativas impressas na educação do paciente cirúrgico?". O período de publicação dos estudos foi de 2000 a 2017, nos de dados: ISI Web of Science, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, SCOPUS portais e/ou bases e Cochrane. Resultados: Foram inseridos dez artigos de ensaios clínicos randomizados, todos com a tecnologia educativa impressa (folheto), e o uso dessa contribuiu para uma diminuição tanto da ansiedade e depressão quanto dos níveis da dor. Conclusão: Apesar de avaliações positivas em relação à intervenção, ainda há dificuldades em mensurar a sua efetividade, e não foi possível estabelecer o melhor instante para a aplicação dos instrumentos de medida.

Objectives: To analyze the scientific literature on methods used in the evaluation of the effectiveness of printed educational materials designed for patients undergoing surgery. Method: This is an integrative literature review based on the following guiding question: "What methods are used to evaluate the effectiveness of printed educational materials in the education of surgical patients?" We considered studies published between 2000 and 2017 that appeared in ISI Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, SCOPUS portals and/or databases and Cochrane. Results: We included 10 randomized clinical trials, all with printed educational materials (booklets). The studies revealed that the use of booklets contributed to a reduction not only in anxiety and depression levels, but also pain. Conclusion: Despite positive assessments regarding the intervention, there are still difficulties in measuring its effectiveness. Therefore, the best moment for the application of the assessment tool could not be established.

Objetivos: Analizar la literatura científica sobre los métodos utilizados en la evaluación de la efectividad de materiales educativos impresos creados para pacientes sometidos a cirurgía. Método: Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura basada en la siguiente pregunta: "¿Cuáles son los métodos utilizados para evaluar la efectividad de los materiales educativos impresos en la educación de pacientes quirúrgicos?" Consideramos estudios publicados entre 2000 y 2007 encontrados en los portales y/o bases de datos de ISI Web Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, SCOPUS y Cochrane. Resultados: Se incluyeron 10 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, todos con materiales educativos impresos (booklets). Los estudios revelaron que el uso de booklets contribuyó a una reducción no solo en los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, sino también en el dolor. Conclusión: Apesar de las evaluaciones positivas con respecto a la intervención, todavía aún hay dificultades para medir su efectividad. Por lo tanto, el mejor momento para conducir la herramienta de evaluación no pudo se establecer.

Beneficial effects of a pharmaceutical care program on outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aPharmaceutical Care (PC) program among outpatientswith Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in an outpatientdepartment of a tertiary care teaching hospital in RibeiraoPreto, Brazil. Patients with IBD were randomizedinto two groups, one to receive PC procedures (PCG;N=18) and a control group (CG; N=17). Both groupswere followed for one year and compared at six (T6),and 12 (T12), months of study. Patients were assessedfor treatment compliance, knowledge about treatment,clinical colitis activity index, and quality of life (SF-36). In PCG patients, the number of adherent patientssignificantly increased from 28% to 72% (p<0.05), andin the percent score for patient knowledge increasedfrom 80% to 100% (p≤0.0001) from T0 to T12. Therewas a significant decrease in clinical activity indexesfrom T6 to T12 in PCG patients (median; range: 2.20;0.99­3.77 versus 1.90; 0.99­3.77; p=0.02), but not inthe CG group (1.69; 0.99­3.77 versus 1.69; 0.99­3.48).Quality of life questionnaire rvealed increased scoresfor mental health domain at T12 in both PCG (57.5versus 65.3; p=0.04) and CG (56.9 versus 67.0; p=0.01)groups. The PC program was associated with increasedcompliance, better mental health-related quality of life,and enhanced knowledge about treatment.(AU)

Factors influencing the preference for purchasing generic drugs in a Southern Brazilian city

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to identify factors associated with the preference for purchasing generic drugs in a medium-sized municipality in Southern Brazil. METHODS We have analyzed data from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in 2012 with a sample of 2,856 adults (≥ 20 years old). The preference for purchasing generic drugs was the main outcome. The explanatory variables were the demographic and socioeconomic variables. Statistical analyses included Poisson regressions. RESULTS The preference for purchasing generic drugs was 63.2% (95%CI 61.4-64.9). The variables correlated with this preference in the fully adjusted models were: male (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.08; 95%CI 1.03-1.14), age of 20-39 years (PR = 1.10; 95%CI 1.02-1.20), low socioeconomic status (PR = 1.15; 95%CI 1.03-1.28), and good knowledge about generic drugs (PR= 4.66; 95%CI 2.89-7.52). Among those who preferred to purchase generic drugs, 55.1% have reported accepting to replace the prescribed drug (if not a generic) with the equivalent generic drug. Another correlate of the preference for purchasing generic drugs was because individuals consider their quality equivalent to reference medicines (PR = 2.15; 95%CI 1.93-2.41). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about generic drugs was the main correlate of the preference for purchasing generic drugs. The greater the knowledge or positive perception about generic drugs, the greater is the preference to purchase them. Therefore, educational campaigns for healthcare professionals and consumers appear to be the best strategy for expanding the use of generic drugs in Brazil.

Prevalence and risk factors of inadequate medicine home storage: a community-based study

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Assess the extent of inadequate home storage of medicines andidentify important risk factors. METHODS A cross-sectional survey based on a probability sample in the community, conducted in 267 households in Cuité, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, in 2014. Logistic regression was used to study the risk factors. RESULTS The prevalence of households with inadequate storage was 76.0%. Problems with storage include direct exposure to sunlight in 10.9% of households, the presence of dust in 23.6%, and storage within reach of children in 76.0%. Medications no longer used are usually disposed of into the environment in 92.1% of households. Inadequate storage is more likely when home organization of medications is the responsibility of a male subject (OR = 1.729) or an older person (OR = 1.029), when out of date medicines are found (OR = 2.963), and in households with no children (OR = 2.088). CONCLUSIONS Physicians and pharmacists should advise patients on how to adequately store medicines at home, especially when the person in charge of medications is a male or an older adult, and if there are no children in the household.

Conhecimento dos pacientes de um hospital de ensino a respeito dos medicamentos prescritos na alta / Knowledge of a teaching hospital's patients about drugs prescribed at discharge

O trabalho buscou verificar o conhecimento dos pacientes a respeito dos medicamentos prescritos na alta hospitalar, bem como investigar fatores associados a este conhecimento. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, prospectivo, realizado em um hospital de ensino em que foram entrevistados 107 pacientes ou cuidadores de pacientes. Foi atribuída pontuação (0 a 13 pontos) ao conhecimento dos entrevistados, classificando-o como insuficiente, regular ou bom. A pontuação média foi 9,66 pontos, correspondendo a um nível de conhecimento regular. Dez por cento dos entrevistados apresentaram nível insuficiente, 58,9% regular e 30,8% bom. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a média da pontuação para a raça/cor (autodeclarada) e para o número de medicamentos prescritos. Os resultados sugerem a existência de problemas no processo de comunicação entre profissionais e pacientes, no acesso ao profissional e na incapacidade do paciente em assimilar as informações recebidas. Destaca-se a necessidade do trabalho multiprofissional no planejamento da alta hospitalar, bem como as atividades de educação em saúde, visando proporcionar um melhor conhecimento do paciente e assegurar o uso racional de medicamentos.

GRAU DE CONHECIMENTO DOS PACIENTES SOBRE O TRATAMENTO: ESTRATÉGIA PARA USO RACIONAL DE MEDICAMENTOS / LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF PATIENTS ON TREATMENT: STRATEGY FOR THE USE OF MEDICINES RATIONAL / NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO: ESTRATEGIA PARA USO RACIONAL DE LOS MEDICAMENTOS

Objetivo: o presente estudo verificou o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre seu tratamento medicamentoso após consulta médica e dispensação em Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no Município de Missão Velha-CE. Método: caracterizou-se como um estudo do tipo exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, de delineamento transversal e prospectivo. Resultados: entre os 94 pacientes entrevistados, 82% afirmou ter sido orientado quanto à posologia, 78% quanto à duração do tratamento e 63% quanto à finalidade terapêutica do medicamento prescrito durante a consulta médica, que durou em média 4,82 minutos. Foram prescritos 1,95 medicamentos em média. Os auxiliares de farmácia foram responsáveis pela dispensação de medicamentos de 39,4% dos entrevistados, enquanto o farmacêutico não foi citado por nenhum. Conclusão: acredita-se que seria necessário um maior tempo de consulta médica no intuito de melhorar o processo de comunicação entre médico e paciente, que por sua vez pode impactar na baixa adesão do paciente ao tratamento prescrito. Enquanto que a ausência do profissional farmacêutico no ato da dispensação do medicamento pode comprometer a garantia de segurança, qualidade e adesão terapêutica, bem como o uso racional dos medicamentos.

Objective: this study evaluated the patients' knowledge about their medical treatment after medical consultation and dispensing in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the municipality of Missão Velha - CE. Method: it was characterized as a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, prospective cross-sectional design. Results: of the 94 patients interviewed, 82% claimed to have been instructed as to the dosage, 78% as the duration of treatment and 63% for the medicinal use of the drug prescribed during medical consultation, which lasted an average of 4.82 minutes. 1.95 medications were prescribed on average. The pharmacy assistants were responsible for dispensing medications 39.4% of respondents, while the pharmacist was not mentioned by any. Conclusion: is credited it would take a larger medical consultation time in order to improve the communication process between physician and patient, which in turn may impact the low patient adherence to prescribed treatment. While the absence of the pharmacist in the drug dispensing Act may compromise the safety, quality assurance and adherence, as well as the rational use of medicines.

Objetivo: este estudio evaluó el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre su tratamiento médico después de la consulta médica y dispensación en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF) en el municipio de Missão Velha-CE. Método: se caracteriza por ser un estudio exploratorio descriptivo con un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño prospectivo y transversal. Resultados: de los 94 pacientes entrevistados, el 82% afirmó haber sido instruido en cuanto a la dosis, el 78% como la duración del tratamiento y el 63% para el uso medicinal de la droga prescrita durante la consulta médica, que duró una media de 4,82 minutos. 1.95 medicamentos fueron prescritos en promedio. Los auxiliares de farmacia eran responsables de la dispensación de medicamentos 39,4% de los encuestados, mientras que el farmacéutico no fue mencionado por ninguna. Conclusión: se acredita que tomaría un tiempo de consulta médica más grande con el fin de mejorar el proceso de comunicación entre el médico y el paciente, que a su vez puede afectar la adherencia baja del paciente al tratamiento prescrito. Mientras que la ausencia del farmacéutico en la dispensación de fármacos Ley puede comprometer la seguridad, garantía de calidad y la adhesión, así como el uso racional de los medicamentos.